Control of materials is never easy job. need extensive knowledge

In the management and control of materials costs, why is the knowledge that excessive waste is occurring trends to be of greater value than the income derived from scrap sales?

In some situations labour and Materials costs incurred on spoiled or defective works are treated as Overhead. In other cases the cost of perfecting defective works are charged directly to the job. Which way of treatment is the appropriate do you think?.

Which of the following statements is true in applying the lower of cost or market (LCM) rule to work in process inventory?

(a) This category of inventory is an exception and the rule, here, does not apply.
(b) Costs of completing the inventory are added to costs of disposal and both are reduced from estimated selling price when calculating realizable value.
(c) Market value cannot ordinarily be fixed.
(d) Equivalent production (EP) is multiplied by the SP (selling price).

A client who wishes to include as a part of the cost of raw materials all of the cost of acquiring and handling incoming materials wants to know :

(a) The main product items that may enter into the cost of materials acquisition and handling.
(b) The arguments favouring the inclusion of these product items as a part of raw materials in warehouse.
(c) The arguments against inclusion of these material items as a part of the cost of raw materials in warehouse.

In order to effect an approximate matching of current costs with related sales revenue, the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method of pricing inventories has been developed.

(a) Describe the establishment of and subsequent pricing procedures when LIFO is applied to units of products with a periodic inventory system in use.
(b) Discuss the general advantages and disadvantages claimed for the LIFO method.

What is maneuverability?

21. Taking counsel is a common political tactic in which the individual communicates everything.


ANS: F

Taking counsel is a common political tactic in which the individual exercises great caution in seeking or giving advice.


22. Durability is a common political tactic in which the individual maintains flexibility and never completely commits to any one position or program.

ANS: F

This describes maneuverability.


23. Maneuverability is a common political tactic in which the individual maintains flexibility and never completely commits to any one position or program.


ANS: T

24. Communication is a common political tactic in which the individual never communicates everything but instead withholds information and/or releases information at carefully chosen times.


ANS: T


25. Compromising is a common political tactic in which the individual accepts compromise as a short-term tactic while continuing to press ahead with one's own agenda.


ANS: T


26. Always the boss is a common political tactic in which the individual accepts compromise only as a short-term tactic while continuing to press ahead with one's own agenda.

ANS: F

This describes compromising.

Political behavior involves attempts by individuals to influence the behaviors of others

15. Referent power is an individual’s ability to influence others because they respect, admire, or like the person.


ANS: T

16. Expert power is an individual’s ability to influence others because they respect, admire, or like the person.


ANS: F

Expert power is an individual’s ability to influence others’ behaviors because of recognized competencies, talents, or specialized knowledge.


17. For successful organizations, the pattern in the use of the sources of power is shifting toward greater reliance on reward, referent, and expert power and less reliance on coercive and legitimate power.


ANS: T

18. Political behavior means doing whatever it takes to move up in a company.



ANS: F

Political behavior involves attempts by individuals to influence the behaviors of others and the course of events in the organization in order to protect their self-interests, meet their own needs, and advance their own goals.


19. Organizational politics involves actions by individuals, teams, or leaders to acquire, develop, and use power and other resources in order to obtain preferred outcomes.


ANS: T


20. Organizational politics involves attempts by individuals to influence the behaviors of others as a means to protect their self-interests, meet their own needs, and advance their own goals.


ANS: F

Organizational politics involves actions by individuals, teams, or leaders to acquire, develop, and use power and other resources in order to obtain preferred outcomes.

What really Leadership emphasizes on

According to Learning from Experience: Douglas Conant’s Leadership at Campbell Soup Co., under Conant’s leadership, Campbell’s has reversed a decline in shareholder value and employee commitment.


ANS: T 

 Leadership Principles MSC: Recall



2. According to Learning from Experience: Douglas Conant’s Leadership at Campbell Soup Co., Conant led the development of a 5-year plan, called the “Campbell’s Mission.”


ANS: F

It was a 10-year plan, called the “Campbell’s Journey,”


3. While effective leadership encompasses all seven of the foundation competencies, it also goes beyond them.



ANS: T



4. Leadership is the process of developing ideas and a vision, living by values that support those ideas and vision, influencing others to embrace them in their own behaviors, and making hard decisions about people and other resources.


ANS: T


5. Leadership emphasizes planning, control, rules and procedures, authority relations, and the like.



ANS: F

This describes management. Values, ideas, vision, influencing others, and making tough decisions are the key attributes of leadership.


6. Management emphasizes planning, control, rules and procedures, and authority relations.



ANS: T  Leadership Principles



7. All leaders use power and engage in political behaviors to influence others.


ANS: T


8. The zone of indifference is an area where the manager does not have actual authority.


ANS: F

The zone of indifference is an area within which employees will accept certain directives without questioning the manager’s power.

Leadership Principles

3 motivational aspects of Goal setting

6. Goal setting has three motivational aspects: goals direct attention, goals regulate effort, and goals increase persistence.

ANS: F

Goal setting has four motivational aspects: goals direct attention, goals regulate effort, goals increase persistence, and goals foster strategies and action programs.


 Motivation Concepts

7. The premise of the goal-setting model is that a goal works as a motivator because it promotes the experience of fairness in workplace interactions.

ANS: F

The premise of the goal-setting model is that a goal works as a motivator because it allows people to compare their present performance with that required to achieve the goal.

Motivation Concepts


8. The premise of the goal-setting model is that a goal works as a motivator because it allows people to compare their present performance with that required to achieve the goal.


ANS: T


9. Goal setting has four motivational aspects: goals direct attention, goals inspire other people, goals increase persistence, and goals are hygiene factors.


ANS: F

Goal setting has four motivational aspects: goals direct attention, goals regulate effort, goals increase persistence, and goals foster strategies and action programs.



10. PPG industries, a Pittsburgh-based paint and glass manufacturer, developed "SMART" goals. The “A” aspect of these goals means attainable.

ANS: T

Goal Setting in Motivation

1. In Learning from Experience: Enterprise Rent-A-Car, Enterprise had a very different business strategy from that of Hertz, Avis, and Budget.


ANS: T


2. In Learning from Experience: Enterprise Rent-A-Car, Enterprise has a problem with higher than average turnover.

ANS: F

Enterprise has a turnover lower than 25%. This is better than the industry average of over 30%.


3. The definition of goal setting is a process of making accomplishments, regardless of whether those were specified before hand or not.


ANS: F

The definition of goal setting is a process of specifying desired outcomes toward which individuals, teams, departments, and organizations will strive and is intended to increase organization efficiency and effectiveness.


4. Goals are the past or present outcomes or results that individuals and groups achieved.


ANS: F

Goals are the future outcomes or results that individuals and groups desire and strive to achieve.


5. The goal-setting process is one of the most important motivational tools for affecting the performance of employees in organizations.

ANS: T

Organizational citizenship behaviors

104. Behaviors that are beyond formal job duties but are necessary for the organization's survival or important to its image are called informal job behaviors.

ANS: F

These behaviors are called organizational citizenship behaviors.


105. Helping coworkers solve problems and volunteering to perform community service work are examples of organizational citizenship.

ANS: T

106. Examples of procedural justice are volunteering to help at blood drives, United Way campaigns, and charity work.

ANS: F

These are examples of organizational citizenship behaviors.

107. The procedural justice model is, and should be, regularly used by managers in making a variety of decisions at work.


ANS: F

This should be the equity model. There is no such thing as a procedural justice model.


108. Employees make decisions concerning equity only after they compare their inputs and outcomes with those of comparable employees.

ANS: T

What does procedural justice mean?

99. According to the Ethics Competency: How Tempted Are You?, most people admit that they would be tempted to cheat in some of the situations listed.

ANS: T


100. According to the Ethics Competency: How Tempted Are You?, one of the ethical situations listed involved cleaning windows in homes during the summer to help pay for your college costs, and the temptation to charge for more windows than were actually on the house, since it would be easy to get away with.

ANS: T


101. The perceived fairness of rules and procedures is referred to as operational justice.


ANS: F

The perceived fairness of rules and procedures is referred to as procedural justice.

102. Rosemary feels she was unfairly passed over for a desirable assignment. According to the procedural justice model, this may lead her to feel less motivated to perform at a high level.

ANS: T 

103. Procedural justice has been found to affect the attitudes of workers who survive a layoff.

ANS: T

Hygiene model focuses on an individual's comparison

94. Herzberg's motivator - hygiene model focuses on an individual's comparison of how fairly he or she is being treated in comparison to others.

ANS: F

This is true for the equity model. The expectancy model states that people are motivated to work when they expect to achieve things they want from their jobs.


95. According to equity theory, equity exists when the ratio of a person's outcomes to inputs equals the ratio of outcomes to inputs for relevant others.

ANS: T 

96. An example of how people may choose to act to reduce a perceived inequity includes increasing the quantity or quality of work.

ANS: T


97. According to equity theory, inequity may be reduced by increasing or decreasing inputs or outcomes, but not distorting inputs or outcomes.

ANS: T

Inequity may be reduced by increasing, decreasing, or distorting inputs or outcomes.



98. An example of how people may choose to act to reduce a perceived inequity includes shifting to a new reference group.

ANS: T

Herzberg's theory motivation

53. Herzberg's motivator - hygiene model suggests an employee can be motivated through fringe benefits only.

ANS: F

Herzberg's motivator - hygiene model suggests an employee can be motivated through the design of the job.


54. According to Herzberg's motivator - hygiene model, motivator factors include company policy and administration, technical supervision, salary, fringe benefits, working conditions, and interpersonal relations, and are extrinsic factors, or factors external to the job.

ANS: F

This is the definition of hygiene factors. Motivator factors include the work itself, recognition, advancement, and responsibility, and are intrinsic factors that are directly related to the job and are largely internal to the individual.

55. According to Herzberg's motivator - hygiene model, hygiene factors include company policy and administration, technical supervision, salary, fringe benefits, working conditions, and interpersonal relations, and are extrinsic factors, or factors external to the job.

ANS: T

56. According to Herzberg's motivator - hygiene model, motivator factors include the work itself, recognition, advancement, and responsibility, and are intrinsic factors that are directly related to the job and are largely internal to the individual.


ANS: T


57. In the job characteristics model, the three critical psychological states affected are experienced meaningfulness of the tasks performed, experienced personal responsibility for task outcomes, and knowledge that the employee is fairly compensated for his work.

ANS: F

First 2 states are correct, the 3rd state is incorrect. Correct answer is: In the job characteristics model, the three critical psychological states affected are experienced meaningfulness of the tasks performed, experienced personal responsibility for task outcomes, and knowledge of the results of task performance.

Financial incentive plan would not necessarily increase performance of high achievers

47. According to McClelland's learned needs model, a financial incentive plan would not necessarily increase performance of high achievers, because high achievers already work at full efficiency.


ANS: T


48. According to the Self Competency: John Schnatter of Papa John's Pizza, Schnatter plans to take market share away from Pizza Hut and Domino's by making a better pizza, having better ingredients, and expanding internationally.


ANS: T


49. According to the Self Competency: John Schnatter of Papa John's Pizza, international consumers have different tastes and get their pizza delivered by scooters or bicycles.



ANS: T

50. Achievement motivation doesn’t operate when high achievers are performing routine or boring tasks or when there is no competition against goals.



ANS: T


51. According to McClelland’s Learned Needs Theory, the need for achievement is more important for managerial success than the need for institutional power.



ANS: F

The opposite is true. The need for institutional power is more important for managerial success than the need for achievement.




52. According to research on McClelland’s Learned Needs Theory, successful CEOs are high in institutional power and achievement but low in personal power needs.


ANS: F

They are low in affiliation needs.

Losing a job no longer carries the stigma that it did a decade

89. The statement: “I am successful at my job because of my skills” is an ability attribution.


ANS: T


90. Causal attributions of task difficulty and luck are internal, and causal attributions of ability and effort are external.


ANS: F

Switch internal and external to make this statement true.


91. The self-fulfilling prophecy refers to the tendency of people to attribute their success with a task to internal factors and their failure to external factors.


ANS: F

The appropriate term is self-serving bias. The self-fulfilling prophecy refers to a halo effect, rather than an attributional effect.


92. Losing a job no longer carries the stigma that it did a decade or more ago.


ANS: T


93. After being fired from a job, a constructive action to take would be to work through the firing psychologically.


ANS: T

94. After being fired from a job, a constructive action to take would be to use negative attributions as part of your explanation.


ANS: F

The constructive action to take would be not to use negative attributions. Experts say that you should never say anything bad about your former employer.


95. After being fired from a job, a constructive action would be to work with your former employer to develop an exit statement


ANS: T Creation of Value

How I can fix an Android Phone that was stuck on the white HTC logo

1. Begin with a Second Level reset

Power the phone on and it follows that remove the battery (remove the battery with the phone on, pressurize somebody into positive the phone is not plugged into a charger)
Count to 10 (10 seconds).
Put the battery back into the phone.
Power the phone on. (Now pass the time patiently in favor of the phone to wader up. If you pass the time in favor of more than 5 minutes, or longer than the phones typical boot-up while, and it seems to still search out at a complete loss by the HTC white-screen again it follows that proceed to step 2)
If the phone powers on fittingly it follows that go away to step 4 if it does not or you cannot remove the battery from the device proceed to step 2 (you lack to pressurize somebody into positive to backup your mobile constituent and achieve approximately extra troubleshooting to pressurize somebody into positive so as to the phone doesn’t freeze again. I counsel a factory data reset, which can be located under the settings of your phone. Make positive to uncheck the option to delete/erase your reminiscence certificate if certain the fate. A Factory Data Reset will be a more secure locate to your phone).

2. Try the Recovery Procedure

If the 2nd level reset in step 1 doesn’t exert yourself and your HTC is still at a complete loss on an extreme ball or screening the HTC logo it follows that try this.

Pull the battery, and it follows that reinsert it, but DON’T power it back on.
Make positive the phone has a GOOD charge on it and can be used with no being plugged into the pony. I highly hint at so as to you charge it (while it’s powered off) in favor of 15 minutes to an hour making positive so as to it has a GOOD charge on it.
After charging the phone in favor of 15+ minutes unplug your HTC phone from the pony (make positive your HTC phone is unplugged or this won’t work).
Press and cleave to the Volume Down button and it follows that concisely press and emit the Power button while still holding the Volume Down button.
A special screen be supposed to pop up which will create you approximately options. When this screen appears emit the volume down button.
Use the Volume keys to scroll through the accessible options until the “Recovery” option is highlighted.
Once Recovery is highlighted wastage the Power basis to pressurize somebody into the selection.
This after that step is going away to depend on the phone but typically a black screen be supposed to pop up screening a sync icon (2 immature arrows forming a circumnavigate and an arrow pointing down in the intermediate of so as to circle).
Wait patiently…
After a transcribe or two the icon be supposed to modification and switch to a picture of a phone with a red exclamation mark inside of a red triangle symbol.
Once you notice the red exclamation mark, entice on show the battery, reinsert the battery, and power the phone on like you normally would. Note: If your phone doesn’t assert a detachable battery it follows that your major goal is to reboot the phone. You can often cleave to the power button down in favor of a a small number of seconds to spin your cell phone rancid as a replacement for of removing the battery.

The phone be supposed to wader up and you be supposed to still assert all of your in a row and it be supposed to be working by 100%.

Don’t not remember to backup the in a row on your HTC absolutely in assignment something happens to your phone and in favor of approximately dispute you cannot recover the constituent again.

If your phone is still at a complete loss and you ha

What is The Pygmalion effect?

55. The self-fulfilling prophecy is an example of a halo effect.



ANS: T


56. A study by Fortune magazine found that, on the average, male CEOs were less than six feet tall.



ANS: F

A study by Fortune magazine found that, on the average, male CEOs were more than six feet tall.




57. The Golem effect suggests that holding high expectations of another tends to improve the individual's performance.



ANS: F

The Pygmalion effect suggests that holding high expectations of another tends to improve the individual's performance.



58. David Barger, CEO of JetBlue, expects that Mark Taylor, a new sales person, will be the poor salesperson. When Taylor has a terrible sales performance in the first month, it's likely the Pygmalion effect has occurred.


ANS: F

David Barger, CEO of JetBlue, expects that Mark Taylor, a new sales person, will be the poor salesperson. When Taylor has a terrible sales performance in the first month, it's likely the Golem effect has occurred.



59. Managers who remember that individuals behave toward others consistent with their expectations of them will increase their likelihood of being positive Pygmalions.



ANS: T

60. The essence of the Pygmalion effect is that people’s expectations determine their behavior or performance, but this doesn’t help make their expectations come true.



ANS: F

The essence of the Pygmalion effect is that people’s expectations determine their behavior or performance, thus serving to make their expectations come true.

The halo effect refers to evaluating another person solely on the basis of one attribute

49. A well-known folk song suggests that we “hear what we want to hear and disregard the rest.” This is an example of perceptual defense.


ANS: T


50. Stereotyping is the belief that all members of specific groups share similar traits and behaviors.


ANS: T


51. Common perceptual errors include perceptual defense, stereotyping, and the halo effect.



ANS: T


52. Pygmalion is the belief that all members of specific groups share similar traits and behaviors.



ANS: F

Stereotyping is the belief that all members of specific groups share similar traits and behaviors.

 Creation of Value


53. The halo effect refers to evaluating another person solely on the basis of one attribute, either favorable or unfavorable.


ANS: T


54. The tendency for someone's actions to cause that individual to think in a manner consistent with those actions is referred to as self-fulfilling prophecy.



ANS: F

The tendency for someone's expectations about another to cause that individual to behave in a manner consistent with those expectations is referred to as self-fulfilling prophecy.

Creation of Value

The primacy effect in interviews causes first-impression errors to occur.

43. A similarity error occurs when an interviewer is positively predisposed toward a job candidate because the candidate is from a different part of the country than the interviewer.

ANS: F

A similarity error occurs when an interviewer is negatively predisposed toward a job candidate because the candidate is from a different part of the country than the interviewer.

Creation of Value


44. A contrast error occurs when an interviewer scores an average candidate too low because he was preceded by an outstanding applicant.


ANS: T


45. A first-impression error occurs when interviewers form quick impressions that are resistant to change.


ANS: T


46. A contrast error occurs when an interviewer examines an outstanding applicant and then rates all other applicants too low.


ANS: T


47. An overweighing of negative information error occurs when an interviewer finds one mistake on an applicant's resume and spends most of the interview discussing the mistake.


ANS: T


48. The primacy effect in interviews causes first-impression errors to occur.


ANS: T

Perceptual defense is the tendency for people to protect themselves against ideas

37. According to the Self Competency: Doing Business in Arab Countries, in Arab countries you should compliment a male host on the beauty of his wife.


ANS: F

In Arab countries you should not compliment your host on the beauty of his wife, sister, or daughter. Such statements will not be taken as compliments.

Creation of Value


38. The five common errors of person perception during the employment interview process: similarity error, contrast error, overweighting of negative information, race, gender, and age bias, and first-impression error.

ANS: T
Creation of Value


39. A contrast error has occurred when interviewers overreact to negative information as though looking for an excuse to disqualify a job candidate.


ANS: F

The error described is overweighting of negative information.


Creation of Value


40. Perceptual defense is the tendency for people to protect themselves against ideas, objects, or situations that are threatening to themselves.


ANS: T


41. A similarity error occurs when an interviewer is positively predisposed toward a job candidate because the candidate has similar interests as the interviewer.



ANS: T


42. A race, gender, and age bias occurs when an interviewer is positively predisposed toward a job candidate because the candidate went to the same university as the interviewer.



ANS: F

This is a similarity error.

In China the communication style is generally indirect

31. When a man’s voice quality is high in breathiness, the personality judgment made is usually that the man is younger and artistic.


ANS: T  

Creation of Value

32. When a woman’s voice quality is high in breathiness, the personality judgment made is usually that the woman is muscular and intelligent.


ANS: F

When a woman’s voice quality is high in breathiness, the personality judgment made is usually that the woman is feminine, pretty and shallow.

Creation of Value


33. In China the communication style is generally indirect.



ANS: T 

Creation of Value


34. The reasons for expatriate failure are personal and not related to technical competence.



ANS: T 

Creation of Value



35. Cross-cultural negotiations are an important part of every global manager’s job.



ANS: T 

Creation of Value



36. According to the Self Competency: Doing Business in Arab Countries, in Arab countries managers usually just run the business at work and do not interact with employees outside work.


ANS: F

In Arab countries, managers perform a variety of social functions, including visiting an employee who is ill.


Creation of Value

Pepsi was one of the first companies to take out trans fats

101. In “Blur: The Speed of Change in the Connected Economy,” the authors propose a formula to represent the rapidly accelerating rate of technological and other changes. In the formula, intangibles refer to the intangible part of a transaction (such as reputation) that are growing faster.

ANS: T
ACSB Technology | Group Dynamics



102. In Change Competency: Indra Nooyi Leads Change at PepsiCo, Nooyi’s new strategy is to balance the profit motive with making healthier snacks, striving for a net-zero impact on the environment, and taking care of the workforce.


ANS: T
AACSB Analytic | Group Dynamics




103. In Change Competency: Indra Nooyi Leads Change at PepsiCo, Nooyi states the she wished they had taken trans fats out of Pepsi’s foods sooner, since they were one of the last companies to do so.


ANS: F

Actually, Pepsi was one of the first companies to take out trans fats.



AACSB Analytic | Group Dynamics



  Indra Nooyi, Chairman and CEO of PepsiCo, Nooyi says that she learned from her father to always assume what?


a. personal power


b. the best outcome


c. negative intent


d. positive intent

ANS:    D

The Speed of Change in the Connected Economy

96. Individuals with the ability to identify key issues and diagnose them by examining the basic factors of who, what, why, when, where, and how are demonstrating the self competency.

ANS: F

Individuals with the ability to identify key issues and diagnose them by examining the basic factors of who, what, why, when, where, and how are demonstrating the change competency.

NAT: AACSB Analytic | Strategy


97. The key KSAs of the change competency include seeking, gaining, sharing, and applying new knowledge in the pursuit of constant improvement, creativity, and entirely new approaches or goals.


ANS: T
AACSB Analytic | Strategy MSC: Comprehension

98. One of the change competency KSAs is providing leadership in the process of planned change. The approaches to change vary under different conditions.


ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 23-25

AACSB Analytic | Strategy

99. New technologies are increasing the need for constant learning, adaptation, and innovation by individuals, groups and entire organizations, as, for example, through the Internet.

ANS: T  Technology | Creation of Value


100. In “Blur: The Speed of Change in the Connected Economy,” the authors propose a formula to represent the rapidly accelerating rate of technological and other changes. In the formula, speed is every aspect of how organizations operate and change in real time.

ANS: T
 AACSB Technology | Group Dynamics