Do you know the answers to these questions on Management Controls?

1. Webster includes in the definition of management "judicious use of means to accomplish an end"; planning is described as "the establishment of goals, policies, and procedures for a social or economic unit"; and control is defined as "the exercise of restraining or directing influence through checks and tests and verification by counter or parallel evidence." In our modern economy these definitions might be paraphrased to describe management planning and control as a concept of doing business.
(a) State the premises on which these management functions might be based.
(b) The concept of management planning and control varies among companies. Why?

2. (a) What should be considered the fundamental task in planning and controlling the activities of a company?
(b) A sound organization is often the product of a positive and dynamic program of planning and control. Name some fundamental steps needed to achieve a sound organization.
3. (a) What is meant by "responsibility accounting"?
(b) Is "responsibility accounting" identical with the concept of "accountability"?
4. Explain the relationship between assignment of responsibility and control.
5. What does reassignment of responsibility mean?
6. In what manner does the controller exercise control over the activities of other members of management?
7. Why must the controller be aware of the latest developments in the field of communications?
8. Enumerate some social responsibilities of which management should be aware.
9. A company should create a good relationship with its personnel. State some possible ways of achieving this goal.
10. The budget has been cited as the most essential tool in cost planning. Why?
11. When an organization or business outgrows direct supervision and management by its owner, authority must be delegated to subordinate managers, and some form of accountability on their part must be provided. Discuss.
12. The principle of management by exception is followed by a company in which a major item showed the following percentage relationship to the budgeted figures for six consecutive months: 92%, 95%, 96%, 99%, 103%, 108%. Does the item need attention?

Three steps of Force Field analysis.

1. Unfreezing. This step usually involves reducing those forces that are maintaining the organization’s behavior at its present level. 

 

Unfreezing is sometimes accomplished by introducing information to show discrepancies between behaviors desired by employees and behaviors they currently exhibit.

2. Moving. This step shifts the organization’s behavior to a new level. 

 

It involves developing new behaviors, values, and attitudes through changes in organizational structures and processes.

3. Refreezing. This step stabilizes the organization’s behavior at a new state of equilibrium. 

 

It is frequently accomplished through the use of supporting mechanisms that reinforce the new organizational state, such as organizational culture, norms, policies, and structures.

What is Doctrine of Caveat Emptor? Exception to Doctrine of Caveat Emptor?

Doctrine of Caveat Emptor: The maxim of caveat emptier means “Let the buyer beware” according to this it is the duty of the buyer to be careful while purchasing goods of his require­ment, and in the absence of any inquiry from the buyer, the seller is not bound to disclose every defect in goods of which he may be aware. The buyer must examine the goods thoroughly and must see that the goods he buys are suitable for the purpose for which he wants them. If the goods turn out to be defective the buyer cannot sue the seller because there is no implied undertaking by the seller that he shall supply goods to suit the buyer’s purpose. If the buyer depends on his own skill and makes bad choice he must suffer in the absence of any misrepresentation or fraud or guarantee by the seller.

Example: A buys a horse from B for riding –but did not mention this. The horse was found fit only for carriage. A cannot claim damage.

However caveat emptor is subject to following exceptions:

Exceptions. The doctrine of caveat emptor is subject to the following exceptions:

1. Where the seller makes a mis-representation and the buyer relies on it, the doctrine of caveat emptor does not apply. Such a contract being voidable at the option of the innocent party, the buyer has a right to rescind the contract.

2. Where the seller makes a false representation amounting to froud and the buyer relies on it, or where the seller actively conceals a defect in the goods so that the same could not be discovered on a reasonable examination, the doctrine of caveat emptor does not apply. Such a contract is also voidable at the option of the buyer and the buyer is entitled to avoid the contract and also claim damages for fraud.

3. Where the goods are purchased by description and they do not correspond with the (Sec.15). See implied condition ‘in a sale by description’ discussed earlier).

4. Where the goods are purchased by description from a seller who deals in such class of goods and they are not of ‘merchantable quality’, the doctrine of caveat emptor does not apply. But the doctrine applies, if the buyer has examined the goods, as regards defects which such examination ought to have revealed [Sec. 16(2)]. (See implied condition ‘as to merchantability’ discussed earlier).

5. Where the goods are bought by sample, the doctrine of caveat emptor does not apply if the bulk does not correspond with the sample, or if the buyer is not provided an opportunity to compare the build with the sample, or if there is any hidden or latent defect in the goods (Sec. 17). (See implied condition ‘in a sale by sample’ discussed earlier).

6. Where the goods are bought by sample as well as by description and the bulk of the goods does not correspond both with the sample and with the description, the buyer is entitled to reject the goods (Sec. 15). (See implied condition ‘in a sale by sample as well as by description’ discussed earlier).

7. Where the buyer makes known to the seller the purpose for which he requires the goods and relies upon the seller’s skill

How the predetermined overhead rate is calculated?

Costs are also said to be direct or indirect relative to a cost object. The material and labor costs of production that are physically and conveniently traceable to products are direct costs. All other costs incurred in the production area are indirect and are referred to as manufacturing overhead.

The extensive activity required to convert raw materials into finished goods distinguishes manufacturers and service companies from retailers. This conversion process necessitates that all factory costs be accumulated and reported as product costs under accrual accounting.

A predetermined overhead rate is calculated by dividing the upcoming period’s budgeted overhead costs by a selected level of activity. (Budgeted overhead costs at various levels of activity are shown on a flexible budget. Predetermined overhead rates eliminate the problems caused by delays in obtaining actual cost data, make the overhead allocation process more effective, and allocate a uniform amount of overhead to goods or services based on related production efforts.

The activity base chosen to compute a predetermined overhead rate should be logically related to cost changes and be a direct causal factor of that cost (a cost driver) rather than simply a predictor. Units of output are a valid measure only if the company produces a single product.

When a company uses a predetermined overhead rate, underapplied or over- applied overhead results at the end of the year. This amount (if insignificant) should be closed to Cost of Goods Sold or (if significant) allocated among Work in Process Inventory, Finished Goods Inventory, and Cost of Goods Sold.

What are Pre-Incorporation or Preliminary Contracts?

Pre-Incorporation or Preliminary Contracts

The promoters of a company usually enter into contract to acquire some property or right for the company, which is yet to be incorporated. Such contracts are called Pre-Incorporation or Preliminary Contracts.


Position of promoters as regards Pre-Incorporation or Preliminary Contracts

· Company not bound by pre-incorporation contract English & colonial produce co. ltd Re (1906) 2 ch. 435. A solicitor prepared the memorandum and Articles of association of a company and paid the necessary registration fees and other incidental expenses to obtain of the company. He did this on the instruction of certain persons who later became directors of the company. Held, the company was not liable of his work.

· Company can not enforce pre-incorporation contract

Natal land & colonization co. Ltd. V. Pauline colliery & Develop­ment syndicate ltd., (1904) A.C. 120. The N company agreed with an agent of the P syndicate Ltd before its formation to grant a mining lease to the syndicate. The syndicate was registered and discovered a seam of coal. The company refused to grant the lease. Held, there was no binding contract between the company and the syndicate.

· Promoters are personally liable

Vacation of office by directors

Vacation of office by directors

The office of a director shall become vacant if: -

a. He fails to obtain within the time specified ( 2 months) or at any time thereafter ceases to hold, the share qualification, if any, required of him by the articles of the company

b. He is found to be of unsound mind by a Court of competent jurisdiction

c . He applies to be adjudicated an insolvent

d. He is adjudged an insolvent


e. He is convicted by a Court of any offence involving moral turpitude and is sentenced in respect thereof to imprisonment for not less than six months

f. He fails to pay any call in respect of shares of the company held by him, whether alone or jointly with others, with in six months from the last date fixed for the payment of the call unless the Central Government has, by notification in the Official Gazette removed such disqualification.

g. He absents himself from three consecutive meetings of the Board of directors, or from all meetings of the Board, for a continuous period of three months, whichever is longer, without obtaining leave of absence from the Board

h. He, whether by himself or by any person for his benefit or on his account or any firm in which he is a partner or any private company of which he is a director, accepts a loan, or any guarantee or security for a loan, from the company in contravention of section 295 ( without due authorization of the Central Government )

i. He acts in contravention of section 299 ( failure to disclose interest in any transaction with the company )

j. He becomes disqualified by an order of Court under section 203

k. He is removed by the members by- resolution at a general meeting

l. Having been appointed a director by virtue of his holding any office or other employment in the company, he ceases to hold such office or other employment in the company.

Best 10 Digital Cameras are recommended for buying

Compact products hold two missions to accomplish: Good taste and function. These campaign are compact sufficient to fit into a pinch or small purse, yet powerful sufficient to take extreme quality photos. These compact digital cameras are moderately priced and by far the the majority accepted image capturing campaign on the bazaar.

Design
A compact digital camera wouldn't be considered smooth and slim if it was the size and substance of a brick. These products are accepted as they are compact; therefore, the lighter and more powerful the device, the better it is.

Image Quality
There are numerous skin tone found on image capturing campaign with the purpose of enhance its image quality. Some of these include digital zoom and a extreme focus range. The promise is solitary aspect with the purpose of is derogatory on behalf of the image quality of the device. The promise in these campaign is measured in megapixels. The more megapixels these products hold, the clearer the industrial photographs. Another large bring out found on these campaign to enhance image quality is the optical zoom. The optical zoom installation the same as zoom on a standard 35mm camera. The advanced the optical zoom the farther away from the object you can be and still search out a fair picture. Don't search out this puzzled with digital zoom.

Features
Certain skin tone can be the deciding aspect of whether or not you procure the camera. All of the digital cameras we reviewed had the the majority chief skin tone: An image stabilizer, red eye reduction, uninterrupted shooting options, a self timer and distinctive color possessions. Many cameras hold more far along skin tone with the purpose of permit you edit and organize your photos on your camera. Some our favorite skin tone include surface recognition, pet detection, undemanding snarl uploading and GPS Geotagging.

Battery Life/Memory
We all hate changing batteries in electronic campaign. So, needless to say, these compact products with longer battery life are better, and will save money in the long run. Also, built-in recall is rarely concept of as chief until the daylight hours you need it. Built-in recall is your campaign back up graph if your recall certificate or stick is gorged, lost or damaged.

If you need high-quality photos of individuals proceedings with the purpose of are large to you, a combination of these skin tone will provide the paramount experience using a compact digital camera.

Olympus Stylus XZ-2
Canon Powershot G15
Nikon Coolpix P330
Fujifilm X100s
Sony Cyber-shot RX100 II
Fujifilm X20
Ricoh GR
Nikon Coolpix P7700
Canon Powershot S100
Panasonic Lumix LX7

LG Optimus L7 II Hard reset / factory reset tools

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty.

To conduct a hard reset, or factory reset, Next to that, there are a number of process to try:

1) From the home screen, press Menu - Backup and reset - Factory data reset - Reset mobile phone. It might call you for a password. Next to that, select Erase everything

If the mobile phone is completely unresponsive, even Next to that, a reboot, Next to that, try the following process.

2) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Up and Volume Down keys together. Next to that, when holding these, press and release the Power key (keep holding the volume keys). The mobile phone should be turned on and a menu will be displayed. Press the Volume down key to navigate to the Recovery option. Press the Volume Up to select (if that doesn't function, use the Power key to select). A yellow triangle and an Android logo will be displayed. Press the Volume Down and Volume Up key together and a recovery menu should be displayed. Use the Volume keys to move to the Wipe data/Factory reset option and Next to that, press Power to select. Again, use the Volume Down key to select Yes and press the Power key again to select.

3) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Down key. Next to that, that, when holding, press and release the Power key. A menu should be displayed. Use the Volume down key to go to Clear Storage. Use the Power key to select the option. Next to that, when call you to confirm, press Volume Up for Yes.

4) When the mobile phone is off, press and hold down Volume Up + Home + Power keys simultaneously. Next to that, release the keys when you see the Logo. Use the Volume Down key to go down and the Home or Power key to select. Select the Wipe data/Factory reset option. Next to that, Select Yes to erase all user data. Next to that, select to reboot the mobile phone.

5) A concluding process is to enter the code into your mobile phone's dialer: *2767*3855# This process will not provide you an option to reverse the process, so be absolutely cautious! This process will only function if you can boot into your mobile phone.

Sony Xperia J Hard reset / factory reset tips.

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty.

To conduct a hard reset, or factory reset, Next to that, there are a number of process to try:

1) From the home screen, press Menu - Backup and reset - Factory data reset - Reset mobile phone. It might call you for a password. Next to that, select Erase everything

If the mobile phone is completely unresponsive, even Next to that, a reboot, Next to that, try the following process.

2) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Up and Volume Down keys together. Next to that, when holding these, press and release the Power key (keep holding the volume keys). The mobile phone should be turned on and a menu will be displayed. Press the Volume down key to navigate to the Recovery option. Press the Volume Up to select (if that doesn't function, use the Power key to select). A yellow triangle and an Android logo will be displayed. Press the Volume Down and Volume Up key together and a recovery menu should be displayed. Use the Volume keys to move to the Wipe data/Factory reset option and Next to that, press Power to select. Again, use the Volume Down key to select Yes and press the Power key again to select.

3) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Down key. Next to that, when holding, press and release the Power key. A menu should be displayed. Use the Volume down key to go to Clear Storage. Use the Power key to select the option. Next to that, when call you to confirm, press Volume Up for Yes.

4) When the mobile phone is off, press and hold down Volume Up + Home + Power keys simultaneously. Next to that, release the keys when you see the Logo. Use the Volume Down key to go down and the Home or Power key to select. Select the Wipe data/Factory reset option. Next to that, Select Yes to erase all user data. Next to that, select to reboot the mobile phone.

5) A concluding process is to enter the code into your mobile phone's dialer: *2767*3855# This process will not provide you an option to reverse the process, so be absolutely cautious! This process will only function if you can boot into your mobile phone.

How to hard / factory reset Asus Transformer Pad 300

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty. This will erase ALL data on the tablet, but not the MicroSD card.

From the homescreen, Press Menu - Settings - Privacy Factory data reset. Next to that, press Reset tablet and Erase everything.

Your tablet will now be restored to its original factory settings.

How to hard / factory reset amsung Galaxy Tab 2

0

Submitted on 1st February 2013 Comments

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty. This will erase ALL data on the tablet, but not the MicroSD card.

From the homescreen, press Menu - Settings - Privacy Factory data reset. Next to that, press Reset tablet and Erase everything.

Your tablet will now be restored to its original factory settings.

Tip filed under: S (tablet) Tip and Tricks

HTC One X Plus Hard reset / factory reset system

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty.

To conduct a hard reset, or factory reset, Next to that, there are a number of process to try:

1) From the home screen, press Menu - Backup and reset - Factory data reset - Reset mobile phone. It might call you for a password. Next to that, select Erase everything

If the mobile phone is completely unresponsive, even Next to that, a reboot, Next to that, try the following process.

2) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Up and Volume Down keys together. Next to that, when holding these, press and release the Power key (keep holding the volume keys). The mobile phone should be turned on and a menu will be displayed. Press the Volume down key to navigate to the Recovery option. Press the Volume Up to select (if that doesn't function, use the Power key to select). A yellow triangle and an Android logo will be displayed. Press the Volume Down and Volume Up key together and a recovery menu should be displayed. Use the Volume keys to move to the Wipe data/Factory reset option and Next to that, press Power to select. Again, use the Volume Down key to select Yes and press the Power key again to select.

3) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Down key. Next to that, when holding, press and release the Power key. A menu should be displayed. Use the Volume down key to go to Clear Storage. Use the Power key to select the option. Next to that, when call you to confirm, press Volume Up for Yes.

4) When the mobile phone is off, press and hold down Volume Up + Home + Power keys simultaneously. Next to that, release the keys when you see the Logo. Use the Volume Down key to go down and the Home or Power key to select. Select the Wipe data/Factory reset option. Next to that, Select Yes to erase all user data. Next to that, select to reboot the mobile phone.

5) A concluding process is to enter the code into your mobile phone's dialer: *2767*3855# This process will not provide you an option to reverse the process, so be absolutely cautious! This process will only function if you can boot into your mobile phone.

Motorola Droid Razr M Hard reset / factory reset tips

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty.

To conduct a hard reset, or factory reset, Next to that, there are a number of processes to try:

1) From the home screen, press Menu - Backup and reset - Factory data reset - Reset mobile phone. It might call you for a password. Next to that, select Erase everything

If the mobile phone is completely unresponsive, even Next to that, a reboot, Next to that, try the following process.

2) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Up and Volume Down keys together. Next to that, when holding these, press and release the Power key (keep holding the volume keys). The mobile phone should be turned on and a menu will be displayed. Press the Volume down key to navigate to the Recovery option. Press the Volume Up to select (if that doesn't function, use the Power key to select). A yellow triangle and an Android logo will be displayed. Press the Volume Down and Volume Up key together and a recovery menu should be displayed. Use the Volume keys to move to the Wipe data/Factory reset option and Next to that, press Power to select. Again, use the Volume Down key to select Yes and press the Power key again to select.

3) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Down key. Next to that, when holding, press and release the Power key. A menu should be displayed. Use the Volume down key to go to Clear Storage. Use the Power key to select the option. Next to that, when call you to confirm, press Volume Up for Yes.

4) When the mobile phone is off, press and hold down Volume Up + Home + Power keys simultaneously. Next to that, release the keys when you see the Logo. Use the Volume Down key to go down and the Home or Power key to select. Select the Wipe data/Factory reset option. Next to that, Select Yes to erase all user data. Next to that, select to reboot the mobile phone.

5) A concluding process is to enter the code into your mobile phone's dialer: *2767*3855# This process will not provide you an option to reverse the process, so be absolutely cautious! This process will only function if you can boot into your mobile phone.

How to hard / factory reset Apple iPad Mini

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty. This will reset all settings and/or content depending on which option you select. Make sure you backup your data!:

From the homescreen, go to Settings - General - Reset.

To reset just your settings, select Reset All Settings. To reset your settings and all of your data, select Reset All Content and Settings.

You can also go through a reset various items individually.

How to hard / factory reset Apple iPad Mini

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty. This will reset all settings and/or content depending on which option you select. Make sure you backup your data!:

From the homescreen, go to Settings - General - Reset.

To reset just your settings, select Reset All Settings. To reset your settings and all of your data, select Reset All Content and Settings.

You can also go through a reset various items individually.

HTC Desire C Hard reset system

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty.

To conduct a hard reset, or factory reset, Next to that, there are a number of process to try:

1) From the home screen, press Menu - Backup and reset - Factory data reset - Reset mobile phone. It might call you for a password. Next to that, select Erase everything

If the mobile phone is completely unresponsive, even Next to that, Next to that, try the following process.

2) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Up and Volume Down keys together. Next to that, when holding these, press and release the Power key (keep holding the volume keys). The mobile phone should be turned on and a menu will be displayed. Press the Volume down key to navigate to the Recovery option. Press the Volume Up to select (if that doesn't function, use the Power key to select). A yellow triangle and an Android logo will be displayed. Press the Volume Down and Volume Up key together and a recovery menu should be displayed. Use the Volume keys to move to the Wipe data/Factory reset option and Next to that, press Power to select. Again, use the Volume Down key to select Yes and press the Power key again to select.

3) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Down key. Next to that, that, when holding, press and release the Power key. A menu should be displayed. Use the Volume down key to go to Clear Storage. Use the Power key to select the option. Next to that, when call you to confirm, press Volume Up for Yes.

4) When the mobile phone is off, press and hold down Volume Up + Home + Power keys simultaneously. Next to that, release the keys when you see the Logo. Use the Volume Down key to go down and the Home or Power key to select. Select the Wipe data/Factory reset option. Next to that, Select Yes to erase all user data. Next to that, select to reboot the mobile phone.

5) A concluding process is to enter the code into your mobile phone's dialer: *2767*3855# This process will not provide you an option to reverse the process, so be absolutely cautious! This process will only function if you can boot into your mobile phone.

LG Optimus L7 II factory reset tips

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty. This will erase ALL data on the mobile phone, but not the MicroSD card.

• From the homescreen, press Menu - Settings - Privacy Factory data reset.
• Next to that, press Reset mobile phone and Erase everything.

Your mobile phone will now be restored to its original factory settings.

Hard reset / factory reset tips for LG Optimus L9

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty.

To conduct a hard reset, or factory reset, Next to that, there are a number of process to try:

1) From the home screen, press Menu - Backup and reset - Factory data reset - Reset mobile phone. It might call you for a password. Next to that, select Erase everything

If the mobile phone is completely unresponsive, even Next to that, a reboot, Next to that, try the following process.

2) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Up and Volume Down keys together. Next to that, when holding these, press and release the Power key (keep holding the volume keys). The mobile phone should be turned on and a menu will be displayed. Press the Volume down key to navigate to the Recovery option. Press the Volume Up to select (if that doesn't function, use the Power key to select). A yellow triangle and an Android logo will be displayed. Press the Volume Down and Volume Up key together and a recovery menu should be displayed. Use the Volume keys to move to the Wipe data/Factory reset option and Next to that, press Power to select. Again, use the Volume Down key to select Yes and press the Power key again to select.

3) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Down key. Next to that, that, when holding, press and release the Power key. A menu should be displayed. Use the Volume down key to go to Clear Storage. Use the Power key to select the option. Next to that, when call you to confirm, press Volume Up for Yes.

4) When the mobile phone is off, press and hold down Volume Up + Home + Power keys simultaneously. Next to that, release the keys when you see the Logo. Use the Volume Down key to go down and the Home or Power key to select. Select the Wipe data/Factory reset option. Next to that, Select Yes to erase all user data. Next to that, select to reboot the mobile phone.

5) A concluding process is to enter the code into your mobile phone's dialer: *2767*3855# This process will not provide you an option to reverse the process, so be absolutely cautious! This process will only function if you can boot into your mobile phone.

Hard reset tips for Huawei Ascend D Quad

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty.

To conduct a hard reset, or factory reset, Next to that, there are a number of process to try:

1) From the home screen, press Menu - Backup and reset - Factory data reset - Reset mobile phone. It might call you for a password. Next to that, select Erase everything

If the mobile phone is completely unresponsive, even Next to that, a reboot, Next to that, try the following process.

2) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Up and Volume Down keys together. Next to that, when holding these, press and release the Power key (keep holding the volume keys). The mobile phone should be turned on and a menu will be displayed. Press the Volume down key to navigate to the Recovery option. Press the Volume Up to select (if that doesn't function, use the Power key to select). A yellow triangle and an Android logo will be displayed. Press the Volume Down and Volume Up key together and a recovery menu should be displayed. Use the Volume keys to move to the Wipe data/Factory reset option and Next to that, press Power to select. Again, use the Volume Down key to select Yes and press the Power key again to select.

3) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Down key. Next to that, when holding, press and release the Power key. A menu should be displayed. Use the Volume down key to go to Clear Storage. Use the Power key to select the option. Next to that, when call you to confirm, press Volume Up for Yes.

4) When the mobile phone is off, press and hold down Volume Up + Home + Power keys simultaneously. Next to that, release the keys when you see the Logo. Use the Volume Down key to go down and the Home or Power key to select. Select the Wipe data/Factory reset option. Next to that, Select Yes to erase all user data. Next to that, select to reboot the mobile phone.

5) A concluding process is to enter the code into your mobile phone's dialer: *2767*3855# This process will not provide you an option to reverse the process, so be absolutely cautious! This process will only function if you can boot into your mobile phone.

Motorola RAZR HD Hard reset / factory reset tips

Buy original Mobile phones from authentic agents or dealers to avoid malfunctioning. This will also provide you security and warranty.

To conduct a hard reset, or factory reset, Next to that, there are a number of process to try:

1) From the home screen, press Menu - Backup and reset - Factory data reset - Reset mobile phone. It might call you for a password. Next to that, select Erase everything

If the mobile phone is completely unresponsive, even Next to that, a reboot, Next to that, try the following process.

2) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Up and Volume Down keys together. Next to that, when holding these, press and release the Power key (keep holding the volume keys). The mobile phone should be turned on and a menu will be displayed. Press the Volume down key to navigate to the Recovery option. Press the Volume Up to select (if that doesn't function, use the Power key to select). A yellow triangle and an Android logo will be displayed. Press the Volume Down and Volume Up key together and a recovery menu should be displayed. Use the Volume keys to move to the Wipe data/Factory reset option and Next to that, press Power to select. Again, use the Volume Down key to select Yes and press the Power key again to select.

3) When the mobile phone is turned off, press and hold the Volume Down key. Next to that, when holding, press and release the Power key. A menu should be displayed. Use the Volume down key to go to Clear Storage. Use the Power key to select the option. Next to that, when call you to confirm, press Volume Up for Yes.

4) When the mobile phone is off, press and hold down Volume Up + Home + Power keys simultaneously. Next to that, release the keys when you see the Logo. Use the Volume Down key to go down and the Home or Power key to select. Select the Wipe data/Factory reset option. Next to that, Select Yes to erase all user data. Next to that, select to reboot the mobile phone.

5) A concluding process is to enter the code into your mobile phone's dialer: *2767*3855# This process will not provide you an option to reverse the process, so be absolutely cautious! This process will only function if you can boot into your mobile phone.